What is decreased bone density?
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a medical condition characterized by porous and brittle bones caused by loss of protein and minerals. This can lead to higher risk of fractures and breaks.
Some key things to know:
- Bone density naturally decreases with age as old bone tissue gets absorbed faster than new bone can form. This leads to less dense and weaker bones over time. Women are at higher risk due to menopause.
- Major minerals in bone are calcium and phosphorus. Vitamin D helps absorb calcium. Not getting enough of these can cause decreased density.
- DEXA scans measure bone mineral density. T-scores compare results to healthy young adults. Osteopenia is T-score between -1 and -2.5. Osteoporosis is T-score below -2.5.
- Decreased density doesn't have symptoms until fracture, so early screening is key, especially for higher risk groups like postmenopausal women.
Risk Factors
Factors that increase risk of decreased bone density include:
- Getting older, especially women after menopause
- Family history of osteoporosis
- Low calcium and vitamin D intake
- Eating disorders or conditions leading to malnourishment
- Certain medications like steroid medications
- Inactive lifestyle without weight-bearing exercise
Making lifestyle changes can help maintain bone density. Get enough calcium and vitamin D in your diet or supplements. Do strength training and weight-bearing exercises. Don't smoke or drink excess alcohol.
If concerned about your bone health, consult your doctor about screening options. Treatments like bisphosphonates can help for those diagnosed with decreased density. Consider hormone therapy from clinics like Vital Hormone Clinic which helps regulate estrogen levels important for bone health. Maintaining healthy bones now leads to an active future!